Accounting for nearly half of the research dollars received by US academic and nonprofit research institutes, philanthropic capital has an outsized impact in scientific areas such as biomedical research, conservation, and technology innovation. These philanthropic dollars not only support research, but also accelerate timelines and improve the diversity of the scientific workforce to ensure innovations are impacting all communities. In this panel, prominent science philanthropists will discuss how their dollars have been agents of discovery and development while changing what we know about ourselves and the world around us.