The era of powerful computing, big data analysis, and artificial intelligence has not just been a boon for efficiency and performance. It has additionally enabled more sophisticated, coordinated, and wide-spread cross-border cyber-attacks on critical systems and sensitive information. Such attacks can leave individuals and institutions in compromising positions that could be detrimental to national security. How do today's cyber threats differ from those in the past? What is the potential for damage? What sectors are particularly vulnerable? Are governments ready to prevent today's attacks?