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Report

The Supply of Clinical Trial Sites: Openings, Closings, and Longevity

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Andrew Friedson

Director, Health Economics
Andrew Friedson, PhD, is the head of research for the Milken Institute Health. He is an economist with expertise in health care and related sectors.
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Bumyang Kim

Associate Director, Health Economics
Bumyang Kim, PhD, is an associate director of health economics research in the Health pillar of the Milken Institute, where he leads data-driven, evidence-based research to advance health equity and reduce disparities in health care access and delivery.
Topics
Health
Medical Research and Innovation
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Clinical trial sites are central to the conduct of pharmaceutical studies, typically involving at least one—and often several—physical locations. Yet despite their importance, little is known about the overall life cycle and macro-level supply of these sites.

This report utilizes all US-based clinical trial sites involved in Phase 1–4 pharmaceutical studies conducted between 2017 and 2024. It documents the frequency of new site openings, the rate of site closures, and the duration of site operations (site longevity). The report also examines which site and trial characteristics are correlated with longer site longevity.

We present the first-ever look at the macro-level dynamics of the supply of clinical trial sites.

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